Histogram-Based Image Segmentation

Histogram-based image segmentation is one of the simplest and most often used segmentation techniques. It uses the histogram to select the gray levels for grouping pixels into regions. In a simple image there are two entities: the background and the object. The background is generally one gray level and occupies most of the image. Therefore, its gray level is a large peak in the histogram. The object or subject of the image is another gray level, and its gray level is another, smaller peak in the histogram.